Here’s what you should know about TSS.

First, TSS (toxic shock syndrome) is a bacteria infection that spreads to the entire body and causes some big problems. It’s usually caused by Staph aureus but can be caused by other bacteria as well.

Second, it’s rare. It used to be a little more common when a particular type of tampon (high absorbency) was on the market, but that’s no longer an issue. TSS is estimated to impact somewhere between 1 and 3 people per 100,000 in the United States.

Third, this rate is not JUST due to tampons. In fact, about half of those cases are not related to tampons at all. The tampons on the market now are safer and come with universal advice—only leave in for a maximum of 8 hours.

Lastly, know the symptoms. This is not meant to scare—just meant to inform. TSS develops quickly (usually over a day or two) and causes fevers, chills, low blood pressure, a body rash, muscle aches and/or upset stomach (vomiting, diarrhea). If you develop these symptoms while using tampons (or not!) seek medical attention immediately.